為什麼血糖不穩會傷肝?

血糖和肝臟有高度相關,肝臟是解毒器官,也是身體的血糖調節中心。當我們攝取過多精緻澱粉或含糖食物,血糖快速飆升時,肝臟必須超時工作,將多餘的糖分轉化為脂肪儲存,這正是「脂肪肝」的其中一項成因。

纖維如何成為肝臟的最強護衛

攝取足夠的纖維(尤其是水溶性纖維),可以從源頭緩解肝臟負擔

1.加速膽固醇代謝:水溶性纖維能結合膽酸並排出體外,使肝臟消耗體內的膽固醇來製造新膽酸,由內而外間接減輕肝臟的代謝壓力。

2.延緩糖分吸收:纖維在腸道形成天然膠狀物質,包裹住食物中的糖分,減慢葡萄糖進入血液的速度,使餐後血糖上升更平穩。

3.產生抗發炎代謝物:纖維經大腸發酵後,產生「丁酸」等短鏈脂肪酸,不只是腸道細胞的重要能量來源,研究顯示也與肝臟的發炎調節與代謝健康維持有關。

水溶性纖維比例高的食物(每100g含量)

食物名稱水溶性纖維(g)非水溶性纖維(g)總纖維(g)
麥片3.26.29.4
牛蒡 (去皮)2.33.45.7
酪梨1.73.95.6
秋葵1.63.65.2
熟黃豆0.95.86.7
芭樂0.74.45.1
奇異果0.62.02.6

守護肝臟的纖維實作指南

結語:愛肝,就從第一口纖維開始

肝臟是沈默的器官,它不喊痛,但需要被溫柔對待。控制血糖不代表要放棄美食,而是要學會聰明搭配。

每一口纖維都是在幫肝臟分擔工作。在這個充滿美食誘惑的季節裡,多吃一份蔬菜、先吃一口纖維,讓血糖更平穩,就是給肝臟最好的保養品!

參考資料:

  1. Zhang, S., Zhao, J., Xie, F., He, H., Johnston, L. J., Dai, X., Wu, C., & Ma, X. (2021). Dietary fiber-derived short-chain fatty acids: A potential therapeutic target to alleviate obesity-related nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Obesity Reviews, 22(11), Article e13316.

https://doi.org/10.1111/obr.13316

  • Zhao, H., Yang, A., Mao, L., Quan, Y., Cui, J., Sun, Y., Guo, H., Duan, S., Wang, L., & Liu, T. (2020). Association Between Dietary Fiber Intake and Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Adults. Frontiers in Nutrition, 7, 593735. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2020.593735
  • Albouery, M., Bretin, A., Buteau, B., Grégoire, S., Martine, L., Gambert, S., Bron, A. M., Acar, N., Chassaing, B., & Bringer, M.-A. (2021). Soluble Fiber Inulin Consumption Limits Alterations of the Gut Microbiota and Hepatic Fatty Acid Metabolism Caused by High-Fat Diet. Nutrients, 13(3), 1037. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13031037
  • Chen, C., Zeng, Y., Xu, J., Zheng, H., Liu, J., Fan, R., Zhu, W., Yuan, L., Qin, Y., Chen, S., Zhou, Y., Wu, Y., Wan, J., Mi, M., & Wang, J. (2016). Therapeutic effects of soluble dietary fiber consumption on type 2 diabetes mellitus. Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 12(2), 1232–1242. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2016.3377
  1. Zhao, H., Yang, A., Mao, L., Quan, Y., Cui, J., Sun, Y., Guo, H., Duan, S., Wang, L., & Liu, T. (2020). Association Between Dietary Fiber Intake and Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Adults. Frontiers in Nutrition, 7, 593735. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2020.593735
  2. Albouery, M., Bretin, A., Buteau, B., Grégoire, S., Martine, L., Gambert, S., Bron, A. M., Acar, N., Chassaing, B., & Bringer, M.-A. (2021). Soluble Fiber Inulin Consumption Limits Alterations of the Gut Microbiota and Hepatic Fatty Acid Metabolism Caused by High-Fat Diet. Nutrients, 13(3), 1037. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13031037
  3. 日本文部科學省(2020)。日本食品標準成分表2020年版(八訂)。取自 https://fooddb.mext.go.jp/
  4. 衛生福利部食品藥物管理署,「食品營養成分資料庫(新版)」,2022年版。